Anchorage (officially called Municipal Anchorage ) (Dena'ina Athabascan: Dgheyaytnu ) is an integrated municipal home rule in the US state of Alaska. With an estimated 298,192 inhabitants by 2016, it is the most populous city in Alaska and contains over 40 percent of the state's total population; among the 50 states, only New York has a higher percentage of the population living in the most populous city. Overall, the Anchorage metropolitan area, which incorporates Anchorage with Matanuska-Susitna Borough, has a population of 401,635 in 2016, which accounts for more than half of the state's population.
Anchorage is located in the south-central part of Alaska, at the tip of Cook Inlet, on a peninsula shaped by Knik Arm in the north and the Turnagain Arm to the south. The city limits reach 1,961.1 square miles (5,079.2 km 2 ) which includes urban core, combined military bases, some remote communities and almost all Chugach State Parks.
Because of its location, almost the same distance from New York City, Frankfurt, and Tokyo, Anchorage is located within 9 1 / 2 hours by air almost 90% of the industrial world. For this reason, Anchorage International Airport is a public refueling stop for many international flights and is a major center of FedEx, which the company calls the "vital part" of its global service network.
Anchorage has won the All-America City Award four times: in 1956, 1965, 1984-85, and 2002, by the National Civic League. It has also been named by Kiplinger as the most tax-friendly city in the United States.
Video Anchorage, Alaska
History
The presence of Russia in southern Alaska has been formed in the 19th century. In 1867, US Secretary of State William H. Seward brokered a deal to buy Alaska from Imperial Russia for $ 7.2 million, or about two cents an acre ($ 0.1 billion in 2016). His political rivals railed against the deal as "Seward's stupidity," "Seward's icebox," and "Walrussia." In 1888, gold was found along the Turnagain Arm.
Alaska became a US territory in 1912. Anchorage, unlike any other major city in Alaska south of the Brooks Range, is not a fishing or mining site. The area around Anchorage has no significant economic metallic minerals. A number of Dena'ina settlements exist along Knik Arm for many years. In 1911 the family of J. D. "Bud" Whitney and Jim St. Clair lives in the mouth of Ship Creek and is joined there by a young jungle guard, Jack Brown, and his wife, Nellie, in 1912.
The city grew out of its accidental choice as a site, in 1914, under the direction of Frederick Mears, from a railway construction port to the Alaska Engineering Commission. The area near the mouth of Ship Creek, where the railway headquarters were located, quickly became a tent city. A municipal site mapped on higher ground south of the tent city, is very famous in the years since for its order and rigidity compared to other Alaskan city sites. In 1915, territorial governor John Franklin Alexander Strong encouraged the population to change the name of the city to a "more important name and local association". In the summer of that year, the population held a vote to change the name of the city; some residents liked the city's name change to "Alaska City." However, the territorial government has finally refused to change the name of the city. Anchorage was founded on November 23, 1920.
The construction of the Alaska Railroad continued until it was completed in 1923. The city's economy in the 1920s and 1930s centered on the railroad tracks. Colonel Otto F. Ohlson, Swedish-born general manager of the railway for nearly two decades, became a symbol of humiliation by the population because of the control he maintained over railroad affairs, which in itself became a control over economic and other aspects. life in Alaska.
Between the 1930s and 1950s, cities experienced massive growth as air and military transport became increasingly important. The flight operation in Anchorage begins along the southern burning section (now Delaney Park Strip), which residents also use as a golf course. The increase in air traffic led to the opening of sites directly east of the city site boundary beginning in 1929; this became Merrill Field, which served as Anchorage's main airport during the 1930s and 1940s, until Anchorage International Airport replaced it in 1951. However, Merrill Field still sees a large amount of general aviation traffic.
The Elmendorf Air Force Base and Fort Richardson were built in the 1940s, and served as the main economic engine of the city until the discovery of Prudhoe Bay in 1968 shifted the economy toward the oil industry. The 2005 Rearrangement and Closure process led to the merger of the two bases (along with Kulis Air National Guard Base) to form the Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson.
On March 27, 1964, a magnitude 9.2 earthquake hit Anchorage, killing 115 people and causing a loss of $ 116 million ($ 0.70 billion dollars 2016). The earth trembling event lasted almost five minutes; most failed structures remain intact for the first few minutes and then fail with recurrent flexing. It is the second largest earthquake in the world in recorded history. Rebuilding dominated the rest of the 1960s.
In 1968, the ARCO discovered oil in Prudhoe Bay on the North Slope of Alaska, and the resulting oil explosion spurred further growth in Anchorage. In 1975, the city of Anchorage and Anchorage The larger Borough location (which includes Eagle River, Girdwood, Glen Alps, and several other communities) was merged into a larger geographic City than Anchorage City continued to grow in the 1980s, capital projects and aggressive beauty campaigns take place. During this time Anchorage was known as the "Green Apple of the Arctic."
Several attempts have been made to move the capital of Alaska state from Juneau to Anchorage - or to a site closer to Anchorage. The motivation is very clear: the "railroad" between Anchorage and Fairbanks contains the majority of the state's inhabitants. Robert Atwood, owner of the Anchorage Times and a relentless reinforcer for the city, championed the move. The Alaskans rejected attempts to move the capital in 1960 and 1962, but in 1974, when the Alaska population center moved from Southeast Alaska and onto the tracks, voters approved the move. Communities such as Fairbanks and many of Alaska's rural areas opposed the transfer of the capital to Anchorage for fear of concentrating more power in the state's largest city. As a result, in 1976 voters approved plans to build a new capital near Willow, about 70 miles (110 km) north of Anchorage. In the 1978 election, opponents moved by campaigning to defeat the nearly $ 1 billion bond issue to fund the construction of new Parliament buildings and related facilities ($ 3 billion dollars 2016). Further efforts to move the capital or legislature to Wasilla, north of Anchorage , also failed. Anchorage contains more than twice as many state employees as Juneau, and is a state and federal activity center in Alaska.
Maps Anchorage, Alaska
Geography
Anchorage is located in Southcentral Alaska. At 61 degrees north, it is located a little further north than Oslo, Stockholm, Helsinki and Saint Petersburg, but not as far north as ReykjavÃÆ'k or Murmansk. It is the northeast of the Alaska Peninsula, Kodiak Island, and Cook Inlet, to the north of the Kenai Peninsula, northwest of Prince William Sound and Alaska Panhandle, and almost falls to the south of Denali.
The city is in the coastal lowlands and extends to the lower slopes of the Chugach mountains. Point Campbell, the westernmost point of Anchorage on the mainland, protrudes to Cook Inlet near the north end, where it splits into two arms. To the south is the Turnagain Arm, a fjord that has some of the highest tides in the world. Knik Arm, the other tidal entrances, lies to the west and north. The Chugach Mountains in the east form a boundary for development, but not to the city limits, which include part of the wild alpine region of Chugach State Park.
The city's sea coast consists mostly of dangerous mudflats. Newcomers and tourists are warned not to walk in this area due to the extreme ebb and tide changes in glacial mud. The unwanted victims had walked to the clay that looked solid when the seawater came out and was trapped in the mud. Both of these recorded examples occurred in 1961 and 1988.
According to the US Census Bureau, the municipality has a total area of ​​1,961.1 square miles (5,079.2 km 2 ); 1,697.2 square miles (4,395.8 km 2 ) of which is ground and 263.9 square miles (683.4 km 2 ) of it is water. The total area is 13.46% water.
Borough and census territories bordering the Anchorage municipality are the Matanuska-Susitna Borough in the north, the Kenai Borough Peninsula to the south and the Census Valdez-Cordova region to the east. The Chugach National Forest, a national protected area, extends to the southern part of the municipality, near Girdwood and Portage.
Cityscape
Wildlife
The diverse wildlife population is within the city of Anchorage and the surrounding area. About 250 black bears and 60 grizzly bears live in the area. Bears are regularly visible inside the city. Deer is also a common sight: in the Anchorage Bowl, there is a summer population of about 250 deer, rising to 1,000 in the winter. They are dangerous for drivers, with over 100 deer killed by cars every year. Two people were trampled to death, in 1993 and 1995, in Anchorage. Cross-country skiers and dogs using the city's footpaths have been flown by deer on various occasions; The Alaska Fish and Game Department has to kill some of the most aggressive deer in town every year. Mountain goats can be seen along the Seward Highway between Anchorage and Girdwood, and Dall sheep is often seen quite close to the road at Windy Point. About thirty northern wood wolves live in the Anchorage area. In 2007 some dogs were killed by the wooden wolves while walking with their owners. There are also beaver dams in tributaries and local lakes, and the sightings of foxes and kits in the parking lot near the forest area in the spring are common. Along the Seward Highway leading to Kenai, there is a general appearance of beluga whales in the Turnagain Arms. Lynx is sometimes seen in Anchorage too. Inside the City there are also a number of rivers that accommodate salmon. Fishing salmon at Ship Creek next to popular downtown in summer.
Climate
Anchorage has a subarctic climate (climatic classification KÃÆ'¶ppen is Dfc ) but with strong maritime influences leading to a relatively moderate climate. Almost all precipitation falls at the end of summer. Average daytime summer temperatures range from about 55 to 78 ° F (13 to 26 ° C); daytime average daytime temperatures of 5 to 30 ° F (-15.0 to -1.1 ° C). Anchorage has a frost-free growing season that averages slightly more than 101 days. According to local folklore, when the native plants called fireweed go to the seeds after full bloom, the first snow of winter is 6 weeks away.
Average low and high January temperatures at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport (ANC) are 11 to 23 Â ° F (-12 to -5 Â ° C) with mean winter snowfall of 75.5 inches (192 cm ). The winter of 2011-2012 has 134.5 inches (341.6 cm), which makes it the steepest winter, extending from 1954-1955 winter with 132.8 inches (337.3 cm). The coldest temperature ever recorded at the original weather station located at Merrill Field on the Eastern end of 5th Avenue was -38 Â ° F (-38.9 Â ° C) on February 3, 1947.
Summer is usually mild (though cool compared to mainland USA and even inland Alaska), and rain often goes down, though not too much. The average low and high temperatures in July were 52 to 66 ° F (11 to 19 ° C) and the highest reading ever recorded was 87 ° F (30.6 ° C) on June 18, 2013. Average annual rainfall at the Airport is 16.63 inches (422 mm). The latitude of Anchorage causes the summer days to be very long and the winter daylight is very short. The city is often cloudy during the winter, which further reduces the amount of sunlight experienced by the population.
Due to its proximity to active volcanoes, the dangers of ash are significant events, though rare. The most prominent volcanic activity recently centered on several Redoubt Mountain eruptions during March-April 2009, resulting in ash clouds as high as 25,000 feet (7.600 m) and ash accumulation throughout Cook Inlet region. Previously, the most recent active event was the eruption of Mount Spurr in August 1992, which lies 78 miles (126 km) west of the city. The eruption was flowing about 3 mm (0.1 inches) of volcanic ash in the city. Cleaning of ash leads to excessive water demand and causes major problems for Air Anchorage and Wastewater Utilities.
Average sea temperatures range from 35.8 ° F (2.1 ° C) in February to 53.1 ° F (11.7 ° C) in August.
Demographics
According to the 2010 census, Anchorage has a population of 291,826 and its racial and ethnic compositions are as follows:
- White: 66.0% (62.6% non-Hispanic)
- Two or more races: 8.1%
- Asia: 8.1% (3.3% Filipino, 1.2% Korean, 1.1% Hmong)
- American Indians and Alaskan Natives: 7.9% (1.4% IÃÆ' Â ± upiat, 1.1% Yup'ik, 0.8% Aleut)
- Black or African American: 5,6%
- Other races: 2.3%
- Hawaiian and Pacific Island Other Nations: 2.0% (1.4% Samoa)
- Hispanic or Latino (any race): 7.6% (4.4% Mexico, 1.2% Puerto Rico)
According to the 2010 census, the largest national ancestral groups were as follows: 17.3% Germany, 10.8% Ireland, 9.1% UK, 6.9% Scandinavia (3.6% Norway, 2.2% Sweden, 0, 6% Denmark) and 5.6% French/French Canadian descent.
According to the 2010 American Community Survey, about 82.3% of the population above the age of five are English-only at home. Spanish is spoken by 3.8% of the population; other Indo-European speakers consist of 3.0% of the population; those who speak Asian and Pacific Island at home are 9.1%; and speakers of other languages ​​reached 1.8%.
In 2010, there were 291,826 people, 107,332 households and 70,544 families living in the municipality. Population density was 171.2 per square mile (59.2/km 2 ). There are 113,032 housing units with an average density of 59.1 per square mile (22.8/km 2 ). There were 107,332 households where 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 11.7% had unmarried female households present, 5.6% had a married man without a wife is present, and 34.3% are not family. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.9% had someone living alone 65 or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.19. The age distribution is 26.0% below 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 7.2% aged 65 or older. The median age was 32.9 years. 50.8% of the population were male and 49.2% were female.
The average income for households in the municipality is $ 73.004, and the average income for families is $ 85,829. The per capita income for the municipality is $ 34,678. About 5.1% of families and 7.9% of the population are below the poverty line. Of the urban populations over the age of 25, 33.7% hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 92.1% have a high school diploma or equivalent.
Language
In 2010, 83.7% (220,304) Anchorage residents aged five years and older spoke only English at home, while 4.47% (11,769) spoke Spanish, 2.53% (6,654) Tagalog, 1.56 % (4,108) various languages ​​Pacific Island, 1.38% (3,636) various Native American/Alaska Native, 1.14% (2,994) Korean, 0.63% (1,646) German, 0.57% (1.502 ) Hmong, 0.50% (1,307) Russian, and Japanese are spoken as the primary language of 0.45% (1,185) of the population over the age of five. In total, 16.33% (43,010) Anchorage residents aged five years and older spoke a mother tongue other than English.
On September 7, 2006, 94 languages ​​were used by students at the Anchorage District School.
Economy
The largest economic sector in Anchorage includes transportation, military, city, state and federal government, tourism, corporate headquarters (including regional headquarters for multinational corporations) and resource extraction. Much of the local economy depends on the geographic location of Anchorage and surrounding natural resources. The Anchorage economy has traditionally experienced steady growth, though not as fast as many places in the lower 48 states. With the exceptional exception of real estate-related accidents in the mid to late 1980s, which saw the failure of various financial institutions, it did not experience much pain during the economic downturn.
Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport (TSAIA) is the third busiest airport in the world for cargo traffic, which is surpassed only by Memphis and Hong Kong. This traffic is strongly associated with Anchorage locations along the "big circle" route between Asia and the lower 48. In addition, the airport has an abundant supply of jet fuel from refineries in the states located in the Arctic and Kenai. This jet fuel is transported to Anchorage Port, then by train or pipeline to the airport.
Anchorage Port receives 95 percent of all goods destined for Alaska. Ships from Totem Ocean Trailer Express and Horizon Lines arrive twice a week from the Port of Tacoma in Washington. Along with handling these activities, the port is a storage facility for jet fuel from the Alaska refinery, used at TSAIA and Elmendorf-Richardson Joint Base (JBER).
The existing port is basically built in the late 1950s and reaches the end of its useful life. Starting in 2017, Anchorage Port undertook an extensive 7-year Port Port Modernization Project to improve the aging infrastructure, support larger ship designs, and harbor seismic and environmental seasons for 75 years.
The United States military usually has two major installations, Elmendorf Air Force Base and Fort Richardson, originally from the US Air Force Branch of the US Army after World War II. In the cost-cutting efforts initiated by the BRAC 2005 process, the bases are combined. JBER was created, which also included the Kulis Air National Guard Base near TSAIA. The combination of these three bases employs approximately 8,500 civilian and military personnel. These people along with their families comprise about ten percent of the local population. During the Cold War, Elmendorf became an important base because of its proximity to the Soviet Union, especially as a command center for many front air stations established throughout western Alaska (most of which have been closed).
While Juneau is the official capital of the state of Alaska, there are actually more state employees living in the Anchorage area. About 6,800 state employees work in Anchorage compared to about 3,800 in Juneau. The State of Alaska purchased the Bank of America Center (renamed Robert B. Atwood) to accommodate most of its offices, after decades of renting space at McKay Building (now the McKinley Tower) and then the Border Building.
The resource sector, especially petroleum, is arguably the most prominent industry in Anchorage, with many high-rise firms containing large multinational companies' logos such as BP and ConocoPhillips. While field operations are centered on the North Slope of Alaska and south of Anchorage around Cook Inlet, most offices and administrations are found in Anchorage. The headquarters of ConocoPhillips Alaska, a subsidiary of ConocoPhillips, is located in downtown Anchorage. It is also the tallest building in Alaska. Many companies providing oilfield support services are also headquartered outside Anchorage but retain substantial presence in the city, especially Arctic Slope Regional Corporation and CH2M Hill.
Four small airlines, Alaska Central Express, Era Aviation, Hageland Aviation Services, and PenAir, are based in Anchorage. Alaska Airlines (at one point headquartered in Anchorage, but now headquartered in the Seattle area), has offices and facilities at TSAIA, including Alaska Airlines Foundation offices. Prior to their respective disbursals, the airline MarkAir, Reeve Aleutian Airways and Wien Air Alaska were also headquartered in Anchorage. The Reeve Building, on the corner of West Sixth Avenue and D Street, was spared from the broken ball when the city block it occupied was cleared to pave the way for Anchorage 5th Avenue Mall, and put in a mall structure. In 2013,
Five Alaska Anchorage-based local companies: The Aleut Corporation, Bristol Bay Native Corporation, Calista Corporation, Chugach Alaska Corporation, and Cook Inlet Region, Inc.
Anchorage does not levy sales tax. It was, however, a 12% bed tax charge on hotel stays and an 8% tax on car rentals. Since around 2000, in response to strong revenues and occupancy rates, the big 48 hotel developer of the Lower 48 has built a new hotel along Jalan C from International Airport Road to north Tudor Road, with two more opened in 2017, making this half - its miles stretch the new Street C "hotel line". From Anchorage one can easily head south to popular fishing locations on the Kenai Peninsula or to the north to locations such as Denali National Park and Fairbanks.
Arts
Located next to Town Square Park in downtown Anchorage, Alaska Center for the Performing Arts is a three-part complex, which hosts performing arts events annually. This facility can accommodate more than 3,000 people. In 2000, nearly 245,000 people visited 678 public performances. It is home to eight resident performing arts companies and has featured mega-musicals performed by visiting companies. The center also hosts the International Painting Competition as part of the Bulu Rendezvous festival in February.
The Anchorage Concert Association brings 20 to 30 events to the community each year, including Broadway shows like Disney's The Lion King, Les MisÃÆ'Â © rables, Mamma Mia !, The Phantom of The Opera, West Side Story, and more. The Sitka Summer Music Festival presents the classic "Autumn Classics" music festival for two weeks every September at the Alaska Pacific University campus. Orchestras include the Anchorage Symphony Orchestra and the Anchorage Youth Symphony.
Every year in January, the Anchorage Folk Festival takes place at the University of Alaska Anchorage, which features concerts, dances and workshops with featured guest artists and over 130 performances by volunteer singers, dancers, musicians and storytellers.
- Alaska Original Heritage Center
- Alaska Museum of Natural History
- Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum
- The Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center
- Imaginarium: Science Discovery Center
- Oscar Anderson House Museum
- Wells Fargo Alaska Heritage & amp; Museum
The city of Anchorage currently provides three city facilities large enough to hold major events such as concerts, trade shows and conventions. City center facilities include Alaska Center for the Performing Arts, William A. Egan Civic & amp; Convention Center and the recently completed Dena'ina Civic and Convention Center, which will eventually connect via skybridge to form Anchorage Civic & amp; District Convention. Sullivan Arena organizes sporting events as well as annual concerts and trade shows.
Sports
National attention is focused on Anchorage on the first Saturday of each March, when the Iditarod Dogs Race Race Race begins with its central ceremonial center in downtown on Fourth Avenue. Anchorage is also home to the Rendezvous Open World Championship, Sled Dog Races, a three day spook dog sled event consisting of 3 races 25.5 miles (41.0 km) each. Held every February, this event is part of the annual Rendezvous, a winter sports carnival.
Anchorage is the home of three teams in the Alaskan Baseball League. The Anchorage Bucs, Anchorage Glacier Pilots are both playing at Mulcahy Stadium, and Chinooks Chugiak-Eagle River based at Lee Jordan Field in Chugiak.
Anchorage does not currently have a professional sports team. The most recent mention of the town house is the Alaska Aces of the East Coast Hockey League. Aces was highly successful during their time in Anchorage, claiming 3 league titles, 4 conference championships, and 8 division championships during their 29-year history (1989-2017). Aces claims various NHL affiliates during this time, including the Calgary Flames, the Minnesota Wild, and Vancouver Canucks. After the 2016-17 season, the team moved to Portland, Maine, where they became Maine Mariners.
Alaska University Anchorage Seawolves is a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. UAA has Division I teams in gymnastics and hockey, as well as several other Second Division teams. UAA is sponsoring the annual Great Alaska Shootout, the annual NCAA Division I basketball tournament featuring colleges and universities from across the United States along with the UAA team.
Anchorage is the finish line for the Sadler Ultra Challenge wheelchair race, and holds the earliest ceremony of the Iditarod Dog Sled Race Competition.
There are four rugby clubs, including Bird Creek Barbarians RFC, Anchorage Thunderbirds, Mat Valley Maulers RFC, and Spenard Green Dragons. The season runs from April to September.
The Anchorage Northern Knights got national attention when they joined the eight-team East Basketball Association in 1977, the league whose closest competitor is 5,000 miles (8,000 km) from Anchorage. The knights caught the league championship 1979-80, and featured some players who would play in the NBA, especially Brad Davis, future players and broadcasters for the Dallas Mavericks. They competed in the Continental Basketball Association renamed for five seasons until the economic recession ended their journey in 1982.
The city is a US candidate to host the 1992 and 1994 Winter Olympics, but lost to Albertville, France and Lillehammer, Norway. Anchorage is a major cross-country skiing town, in terms of the density of the well-kept trails within the urban core. There are 105 miles (169 km) of city-run ski passes, some of which reach the city center. The same trail system also provides access to Chugach State Park, a 495,000-acre high alpine park (200,000 ha). The Tour of Anchorage is a 50km annual ski race within the city. and is host to the National Cross National Skiing Championship 2009 and 2010 US.
Anchorage is also home to the first women's derby roller league in Alaska, Rage City Rollergirls.
Anchorage Football Stadium is also a noteworthy sports venue.
The 1989 Hockey Ice Junior World Championship was played in Anchorage.
Brandon Dubinsky (born 1986 in Anchorage) is a National Hockey League frontman for the Columbus Blue Jackets (# 17)
Parks and recreation
Parks, parks and wildlife conservation
- Alaska Original Heritage Center
- The Alaska Botanical Garden contains over 900 species of perennials and 150 native plant species
- Alaska Zoo
- Alaska Wildlife Conservation Center
- Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge
- Delaney Park Strip
- Kincaid Park
- Point Woronzof Park
- Flattop Mountain Recreation Area
- Westchester Lagoon/Margaret Eagan Sullivan Park
- Many other city parks across the region
Recreational facilities
- Arctic Valley Ski Area
- Alyeska Resort
- Hilltop Ski Area
- Kincaid Park
- Coastal Trail of Tony Knowles
Destination
- Moose's Tooth Pub & amp; Pizzeria, pubs, and pizzeria are currently ranked the 3rd best in the United States
- The Anchorage Museum
Government and politics
Anchorage is governed by an elected mayor and an 11-member council, with the help of a city manager. This position is not partisan (as is the case with all elected offices of the city in Alaska), and thus no candidate officially runs under any party banner. The eleven members were elected from the district known as the section. Five sections select two members from the designated seat, while the remaining part selects one member. Prior to the 1980 Census of the United States, the single-member section was centered around the northern Anchorage community of Chugiak and Eagle River. Since the census, the area that includes Downtown Anchorage and the surrounding neighborhood has functioned as a single-member part of the city. The mayor (along with members of the school board) was elected in a vote throughout the city. But in practice, party affiliation and political ideology of the prime candidate are usually well-known, and highlighted by local media for the purpose of framing the debate. The current mayor is Ethan Berkowitz, a registered Democrat. Together with 7 twin cities in the SCI program, Anchorage has a cultural exchange program with the former Yugoslavia, Montenegro.
The Anchorage Assembly gained national publicity after their 2017 municipal elections, when two openly gay candidates (Christopher Constant and Felix Rivera) were elected to the 11-member board - becoming the first gay candidate to be publicly elected to the Anchorage public office.
Anchorage generally relies on Republican candidates in both countries and presidential elections. However, since the formation of the municipality in 1975, there were two Democrat mayors (Tony Knowles and Mark Begich) who had been elected for two consecutive days and then to the state office. The city center, Girdwood, and much of the western and eastern part of the Democratic city trend. However, areas closest to military bases - including Eagle River - and southern Anchorage are the most Republican territory of the Republic. Midtown is relatively moderate by comparison.
Voting trends show that Downtown Anchorage gives Democrats a large number of votes, while Spenard, Turnagain/Inlet View, and University/Airport Heights are relatively moderate and swinging in the election. The remainder of the Anchorage region voted to Republicans.
The Anchorage-Eagle River sends 16 representatives (in 2018 9 Republic and 7 Democrats) to 40 members of the Alaska Representative Council and eight senators (5 Republics and 3 Democrats) to the 20-member Senate. When seats from neighbor Mat-Su Borough are added, more than half of Alaska state legislatures come from the Anchorage metropolitan area. This is often used as an argument in favor of the removal of the state capital from Juneau to locations in the Anchorage area.
Public security
With the reported power of 383 officers being sworn in, the Anchorage Police Department is the largest state police department in the state, serving an area of ​​ 159Ã, square miles with a population of 300,950. Until 2016, the Alaska State Forces provided police for the southern Anchorage area along the Turnagain Arm. After their withdrawal, Girdwood contracted the neighboring town of Whittier for the police, and the following year APD provided contract policing to other Turnagain Arm communities. Fire & amp; The EMS Operations Division of the Anchorage Fire Department (AFD) includes thirteen fire stations with more than 300 personnel covering three 24-hour rotating shifts. In addition, there are volunteer fire fighters in Girdwood and Chugiak and firefighters at Elmendorf Air Force Base and Fort Richardson, as well as Airport Police and Fire Brigade.
In 2010, Anchorage reported 837.7 violent crimes per 100,000 inhabitants and 3,518.0 property crimes per 100,000 population (see table). Anchorage crime rates, both for violent crime and property, are higher than Alaska as a whole or for the US as a whole. When compared to US cities of similar size, Anchorage has slightly higher crime rates and slightly lower property crime rates. Anchorage and Alaska in general, have a very high level of sexual assault compared to other parts of the country, with an annual rate of forced rape in Anchorage three times higher than in the US as a whole. In 2010, the rate of rape for Anchorage was 90.9 per 100,000 population, while the US rate was 27.5 per 100,000 population. Alaska Natives became victims with a much higher rate than their representatives in the population.
The Anchorage Community Survey, a public survey conducted in 2004-2005 by the Center for Justice at Alaska University Anchorage, found that overall, Anchorage residents were quite satisfied with the performance of the Anchorage Police Department. Most survey respondents consider the judicial system "somewhat effective" or "very effective" in capturing and prosecuting criminal suspects, bringing only results, and reducing crime.
Education
Public education in Anchorage, Eagle River, Chugiak, Fort Richardson and Elmendorf Air Force Base is managed by the Anchorage District School, 87th largest district in the United States, with nearly 50,000 students attending 98 schools. There are also a number of options in private education, including religious and non-denominational schools.
Anchorage has four higher education facilities offering undergraduate or master's degrees: Alaska Anchorage University, Alaska Pacific University, Charter College, and the Anchorage campus of Texas-based Wayland Baptist University. The University of Alaska Fairbanks also has a small center of Distance Education Center. Other continuing education facilities in Anchorage include Grainger Leadership Institute, Nine Star Companies, CLE International, Nana Worksafe, and PackBear DBA Barr & amp; Together.
Ninety percent of Anchorage adults have a high school diploma, 65 percent have attended one to three years in college, and 17 percent have higher degrees.
Anchorage has the most ethnically diverse schools in the United States, including the three most diverse secondary schools, the three most diverse secondary schools, and the 19 most diverse primary schools. Even the least diverse schools in Anchorage rank above 1% nationally.
The Chugach School District operates environmental schools in the Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska and the Complementary School for Excellence in Anchorage; the board's office is in Anchorage. The Aleutian Region School District, which operates schools in the Aleutian Islands area, has a district administrative office in Anchorage.
Famous people
- Casey Bailey: NHL Player for Toronto Maple Leafs
- Tony Barnette: MLB Player for Texas Rangers
- Isadore "Ike" Bayles: Jewish Entrepreneur
- Marty Beckerman: author
- Irene Bedard: actress
- Kira Buckland: actress
- Mario Chalmers: basketball player
- Mahala Ashley Dickerson: civil rights activist
- Dana Fabe: Justice of the first women's association in Alaska Supreme Court
- Scott Gomez: NHL Coach; former NHL Player
- Wally Hickel: industrialist, twice governor, US Interior Secretary
- DeeDee Jonrowe: sled dog racer
- Andre Marrou: The third Libertarian to be elected to the US state legislature
- I'm Randall: Olympic gold medalist (cross-country skiing)
- Brian Voss: Professional Bowler and PBA/USBC Hall of Fame; grew up in Anchorage, where his father owns a bowling center
- Lael Wilcox: ultra-resistant cycler
- Roger L. Worsley: educator; vice rector of Alaska University Anchorage, 1978 to 1985
Media
Anchorage's main newspaper is Anchorage Daily News , daily newspapers across the city. Other newspapers include Alaska Star , serving mainly Chugiak and Eagle River, the Anchorage Press , a free weekly covering cultural topics, and The Northern Light >, student newspaper Alaska University Anchorage. The main networks of the Anchorage network are KTUU 2 (NBC), KTBY 4 (Fox), KYES 5 (MyNetworkTV), KAKM 7 (PBS), KTVA 11 (CBS), KYUR 13 (ABC/CW), and KDMD 33 (Ion/Telemundo). Anchorage is one hour behind the Pacific Time Zone, and receives the same network feed as the West Coast. Prime time weekdays from 7 to 10 pm. Effectively, the program is viewed at the same local clock as in the Central Time Zone. The only cable provider in the city is General Communication, Inc. (GCI). However, Dish Network and DirecTV offer satellite television services in Anchorage and the surrounding area.
There are many radio stations in Anchorage; see List of radio stations in Alaska for more information.
Health and utilities
Providence Alaska Medical Center on Providence Drive in Anchorage is the largest hospital in Alaska and is part of Providence Health & amp; Services in Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California. It features the country's most comprehensive services range. Providence's Health System has a history of serving Alaska, beginning when the first Providence Sisters from Montreal brought health care to Nome in 1902. As the region grew over the next decade, so did the effort to provide care. The hospital opened at Fairbanks in 1910 and Anchorage in 1937.
Alaska Regional Hospital on DeBarr Road opened in 1958 as the Anchorage Presbyterian Hospital, located downtown at 825 L Street. This Alaska Regional predecessor is a joint venture between a local doctor and a Presbyterian Church. In 1976 the hospital moved to its present location on DeBarr Road, and is now a licensed and accredited 254 bed facility. Alaska Regional has expanded its services and in 1994, Alaska Regional joined HCA, one of the largest healthcare providers in the country.
The Alaska Native Medical Center, located at Tudor Road, provides therapeutic medical and therapeutic care for Alaska's indigenous population - 229 tribes - on the Anchorage site and in 15 state-wide satellite facilities. ANMC specialists also travel to the clinic in the bush to provide care. The 150-bed hospital is also a teaching center for the University of Washington's regional medical education program. ANMC has its Centers for Disease Control and Prevention office. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and Southcentral Foundation jointly own and manage the ANMC.
The Municipal Light & amp; Power (ML & amp; P) and Chugach Electric Association provide electricity for the city. A government-owned utility since 1932, ML & amp; P supplies power to more than 30,000 residential and commercial customers in the Anchorage area. Chugach Electric Association is a member-owned non-profit cooperative established in 1948.
Most homes have natural gas-fired heat. ENSTAR Natural Gas Company is the sole provider for Anchorage, serving approximately 90 percent of the city's population.
The municipality of Anchorage owns and operates Air Anchorage and Utility Wastewater, serving approximately 55,000 customer accounts with water from glacier-affected Eklutna Lake. The Anchorage Wastewater Drying Service and Anchorage Refusal do waste removal in the city depending on the location.
Transportation
Main Highway
- A-1 / AK-1
- A-3/ AK-3
It should be noted that as a matter of day-to-day discourse, Alaska does not use numerical route designation, preferring instead of a named name, in this case the Seward Highway and Glenn Highway.
Highway to Highway
Active and inactive since the 1960s, Alaska Transportation Department & The Public Facility, in coordination with the Federal Highway Administration and the Municipal Municipality of Anchorage (or the linear precursor of the entities), has explored the concept of a road connecting the end points of the Seward and Glenn highways. The project is called "Highway to the Highway", and the most recent concept for this project is the "ditch" freeway through the heart of Anchorage.
Highway to Highway is included in the 2005 Long Term Transport Plan, and will cost at least $ 575 million ($ 696 million in 2016 dollars). - By far the largest urban infrastructure project in Alaska history.
Public transit
Anchorage has a bus system called People Mover, with a central hub in downtown Anchorage and a satellite hub at Dimond Center and Muldoon Mall. The People Mover provides carpool organization services. The public paratransit service known as AnchorRides provides transportation services accessible to adults and those with disabilities.
Rel
Alaska Railroad offers year-round freight services along its rail system between Seward (southern end of the system), Fairbanks (north end of system), and Whittier (deep water, ice-free port). Daily passenger service is available during the summer (May 15 - September 15), but reduced to one trip per week between Anchorage and Fairbanks during winter. Passenger terminals are in Talkeetna, Denali National Park, Fairbanks, and several other locations. These communities are also served by bus lines from Anchorage. The Ship Creek Shuttle connects downtown to the Ship Creek area, including a stop at the Alaska Railroad depot.
Anchorage is also currently conducting a feasibility study on commuter and light rail system trains. For the commuter rail system, Anchorage will use existing Alaskan Railroad tracks to provide services to Whittier, Palmer, Seward, Wasilla, and Eagle River.
Air freight
Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, 6 miles (9.7 km) south of downtown Anchorage, is the nation's flagship center, serviced by many national and international airlines, including Seattle-based Alaska Airlines as well as many intrastate airlines and service charters. The airport is the main international air cargo gateway in the country. By weight, five percent of the value of all US international air cargo was transferred through Anchorage in 2008. In addition to Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport is Lake Hood Air Base, the largest Seaplane Base in the world. Merrill Field, a public aviation airport on the outskirts of the city center, is the 87th busiest airport in the country by 2010. There are also ten public airports (mostly the Department of Transport) of public airports within the city limits.
- List of airports in Anchorage Municipality
Sister Cities of Anchorage
See Box in Right Edge for Anchorage Sister Cities. More information on the website of City Commission Sister City Anchorage.
See also
- Anchorage Fire Department
- Anchorage (song) by singer Michelle Shocked.
- List of the space museum
- List of tallest buildings in Anchorage
- List of Historic Places of Interest Places in Anchorage, Alaska
Note
References
Further reading
- Preston Jones. City For Empire: An Anchorage History, 1914-1941 (University Alaska Press, 2010) 214 pages
External links
- Official website
- Anchorage in the Online Community Database of the Alaska Division of Community and Local Affairs
- Map of the Alaska Labor and Employment Development Department: 2010, municipality, 2010, municipality plus Anchorage/Chugiak/Eagle River inset
- Geographic data associated with Anchorage, Alaska in OpenStreetMap
- Anchorage, Alaska in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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