Chalazion is a cyst in the eyelids due to blocked oil glands. They are usually in the middle of the eyelids, red, and not painful. They tend to come gradually over several weeks.
Chalazion can occur after a stye or from hardened oil that blocks the gland. Blocked glands are usually meibom glands but can also be a Zeis gland. A streak and cellulitis may look similar. A stye, however, is usually more sudden, painful, and occurs on the edge of the eyelid. Cellulitis is also usually painful.
Treatment usually begins with a warm compress. If this is not effective, injecting steroids into the lesions can be tried. If large, incision and drainage can be recommended. While the relatively general frequency of the condition is unknown. The term is derived from the Greek "khalazion" meaning "small ice cube".
Video Chalazion
Signs and symptoms
- Painful swelling of the eyelids
- Eyelid eyelids are usually lightweight
- Increased tear
- Eyelid weight
- Conjunctival redness
Complications
Large chalazion can cause astigmatism because of pressure on the cornea.
Because laser eye surgery involves the formation of the cornea by burning its parts, weakening its structure, postoperative patients may be left exposed to corneal deformation of the small chalazia.
Complications including hypopigmentation may occur with corticosteroid injections.
Chalazia repeated in the same area can sometimes be a symptom of sebaceous cell carcinoma, although rare.
Sometimes, as a last resort, surgery is done. The eyelids are injected with local anesthesia, the clamp is placed on the eyelid, then the eyelid is reversed, an incision is made on the inside of the eyelid, and the chalazion is dried and scraped with a curette. Scars on the eyelids can cause discomfort because some patients feel scars when they blink. Of course, because surgery disrupts and damages healthy tissue (eg, leaving scar tissue or even possibly causing blepharitis), given another option, less intrusive treatment is always better. Similarly, chalazia can recur once-eye tends and surgical intervention whenever not possible. Thus surgery should be considered only as a last resort, performed in at least 5% of all chalazia patients.
Blocked meibom glands can also be treated with a hot towel, which softens the oil on the gland.
Maps Chalazion
Diagnosis
Chalazion or meibomian cysts can sometimes be misconstrued as a stye.
Differential diagnosis
- Adenoma sebaceous gland
- Sebaceous gland carcinoma
- Sarcoid granuloma
- Granuloma foreign body
Treatment
Topical antibiotic eye drops or ointments (eg, chloramphenicol or fusidic acid) are sometimes used for early acute infections, but do not have little value in treating chalazion. Chalazia will often disappear without further treatment in a few months, and almost everything will be reabsorbed within two years. Healing can be facilitated by applying a warm compress to the affected eye about 15 minutes 4 times per day. It improves drainage and healing by softening the hardened oils that block the channel.
If they continue to grow or fail to persist for several months, smaller lesions may be injected with corticosteroids, or larger ones may be surgically removed under local anesthesia. This is usually done from under the eyelid to avoid scars on the skin. If the chalazion is located directly beneath the outer eyelid tissue, however, excision from above may be preferable not to cause unnecessary damage to the lid itself. The epidermis of the eyelids usually heals well, leaving no visible scars. Depending on the chalazion texture, the excision procedure varies: while the liquid can be easily removed under minimal invasion, simply by stabbing the chalazion and exerting pressure on surrounding tissue, hardened material usually requires a larger incision, which can be scraped off.. Any remaining material should be metabolized during the next healing process, generally assisted by the usual means of dry heat. Greater chalazia excision can cause a visible hematoma around the lid, which will disappear within three or four days, while swelling may last longer. Chalazion's excision is an ambulance treatment and usually takes no more than fifteen minutes. However, because of the risk of infection and severe damage to the eyelids, the procedure should only be performed by a medical professional.
Chalazia can recur, and they will usually be biopsied to rule out the possibility of a tumor.
Surgery
Chalazion surgery is a simple procedure that is generally performed as a day surgery, and the person does not need to remain in hospital for further medical treatment.
Chalazion removal operations are performed under local or general anesthesia. Generally, general anesthesia is given to children to ensure they remain silent and no eye injury occurs. Local anesthesia is used in adults and is applied with a small injection into the eyelid. Injection discomfort is minimized with the help of anesthetic cream, applied locally.
Chalazion can be removed in two ways, depending on the size of the cyst. A relatively small chalazia is removed through a small piece on the back of the eyelid. The surgeon lifts the eyelid to access the back of the surface and makes an incision about 3mm directly above the chalazion. The lump is then removed, and pressure is applied for several minutes to stop blood flow that may occur due to surgery. Small chalazia surgery does not require stitching, because the incision is at the back of the eyelid and therefore the piece is not visible, and the cosmetic results are excellent.
The larger chalazia is removed through an incision in front of the eyelid. The larger chalazia usually suppress the eyelid skin, and this is the main reason why physicians prefer to release it in this way. The incision is usually no larger than 3mm and is made on top of the chalazion. The lump is removed and then pressure is applied to the incision to prevent oozing. This type of operation is covered with a very fine seam. They are almost invisible and are usually removed within a week after surgery has been performed. Although chalazia is rarely dangerous, it usually sends chalazion or part to the laboratory to check for cancer.
When surgery for chalazion is considered, patients taking aspirin or other blood-thinning medications are advised to stop taking it one week before the procedure because it can cause uncontrolled bleeding. There are several tests performed prior to surgery to ensure the patient is in good condition for surgery.
In rare cases, the patient was treated overnight at the hospital after chalazion surgery. This includes cases where complications occur and patients need to be closely monitored. But in many cases, the patient can go home after the surgery ends.
The recovery process is easy and fast enough. Most patients experience very little discomfort in the eyes, which can easily be controlled by taking painkillers. However, patients are advised to avoid tears up to 10 days after surgery. They can wash, bathe, or bathe, but they must be careful to keep the area dry and clean. Makeup can be worn after at least one month postoperatively. Patients are advised not to use contact lenses in affected eyes for at least eight weeks to prevent infection and potential complications.
Generally, patients receive eye drops to prevent infection and swelling in the eyes and pain medication to help them cope with pain and discomfort in the eyelids and eyes. One can use paracetamol (acetominophen) rather than aspirin to control pain. Also, after surgery, pad and protective plastic protector are used to apply pressure to the eyes to prevent leakage of blood after surgery; this can be removed 6 to 8 hours after the procedure.
People who undergo chalazion surgery are usually asked to visit their eye surgeon for postoperative follow-up three to four weeks after surgery. They may start driving a day after surgery and they can get back to work in a day or two.
Chalazion surgery is a safe procedure and complications are very rare. Serious complications that require other surgery are also very rare. Among the potential complications, there are infections, bleeding, or chalazion recurrence.
See also
- Blepharitis
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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