Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery

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Vertical banded Gastroplasti (VBG) , also known as staple belly, is a form of bariatric surgery to control weight. VBG procedures involve the use of ribbons and staples to make small belly pouches. At the bottom of the bag is a centimeter hole where the contents of the bag can flow to the rest of the stomach and then to the rest of the gastrointestinal tract.

Stapling the stomach is a restrictive technique for managing obesity. Pockets limit the amount of food that patients can eat at once and slow food travel. Stapling of the stomach is more effective when combined with malabsorptive techniques, in which parts of the digestive tract are bypassed, reducing the absorption of calories and nutrients. The combined restrictive and malabsorptive technique is called the gastric bypass technique, which the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RGB) is the most common. In this technique, staples are used to form pouches connected to the small intestine, passing through the lower abdomen, duodenum, and first part of the jejunum.

This type of weight loss surgery is losing support as more doctors begin using customized gastric bands. Newer adjustable bands do not need to cut into the stomach and do not use staples, making it a much safer alternative.

Video Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery

Advantages and disadvantages

Benefits

• There is no exhaust syndrome.
• There is no nutritional/malabsorption deficiency.

Losses

• Requires strict patient compliance for the diet.
• High-fiber foods and foods with more dense natural consistency can be very difficult to eat, while very fine foods cause a slight discomfort. Many people who regain their lost weight after surgery do so because they begin to avoid the discomfort associated with consuming "healthier" foods, and start eating more easily through "junk" food.
• VBG is not a magic bullet or a pill at all. It should be emphasized that lifestyle changes, for example, diet and exercise, are essential for weight loss to occur and be maintained. Realistic expectations are important.
• VBG reversals require a much more complex and intensive dissection process than getting VBG. When the removal of the polyurethane tape was involved (polyurethanes were mostly used in the 1980s and 90s), it is likely to have constructed substantial scarring which should also be discarded, depending on how long ago VBG occurred. The removal of staples involves stitching the abdomen that was previously separated back together. For this reason, reversals can only be considered if there are serious medical complications.
• Vomiting and severe discomfort if food is not chewed properly or if food is eaten too quickly.
• Not customizable (such as with adjustable hull band, aka "lap band")).

Alternative

• Duodenal switch operation
• Gastrectomy of the vertical arm
• Gastric hull Roux-en-Y
• Selective vagotomy (cutting off the vagus nerve, effectively stopping the hunger).
• Mini hull shortcuts

Maps Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery

Long-term

Although restrictive surgery causes weight loss in almost all patients, they are less successful than malabsorptive surgery in achieving substantial long-term weight loss. About 30% of those who underwent VBG achieved normal weight, and about 80% achieved some degree of weight loss. Most studies suggest that 10 years after surgery, only 10% of patients maintain a minimum weight loss of 50% of total excess weight during initial surgery. Some patients regain weight. Others can not adjust their eating habits and fail to lose the desired weight. Successful results depend on the patient's willingness to adopt a healthy eating plan and long-term regular physical activity. According to an episode of Oprah Winfrey that aired on October 24, 2006, 30% of people who underwent weight loss surgery such as VBG or gastric bypass suffered from addiction transference, which transferred previous addictions to food with a new addiction to alcoholism. This event emphasizes the importance of checking the root causes of addiction to avoid the phenomenon.

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Complications

• Staple-line Disorder
• Stomal fibrosis
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Incisional abdominal hernia

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History

Vertical banded gastroplasty was developed in 1980 by Dr. Edward E. Mason at the University of Iowa. Dr. Mason also developed a genuine gastric bypass to reduce weight in 1966 and is known for his pioneering work as "the father of obesity surgery".

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia