The Indianapolis 500 is a car race held annually at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway at Speedway, Indiana, USA, a suburban enclave area in Indianapolis, Indiana. The event was held over Memorial Day weekend at the end of May. It is contested as part of the Verizon IndyCar Series, the top level of American Championship car racing, an open wheel formula known as "Indy Car Racing". The name of the race is often abbreviated to Indy 500 , and the track itself is nicknamed "Brickyard", because the surface of the race is made of bricks in the fall of 1909.
The show, billed as The Greatest Spectacle in Racing, is considered part of the Triple Crown of Motorsport, which consists of three of the world's most prestigious bike sports events, as well as the Monaco Grand Prix and 24 Hours of Le Mans. The official presence is not revealed by the Speedway management, but the capacity of the permanent seat is over 250,000, and the joint venture increases the attendance of the race day to around 300,000.
The first race was held in 1911 and won by Ray Harroun. The event celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2011, and its 100th anniversary is held in 2016. Will Power is the current champion. The most successful riders are A. J. Foyt, Al Unser Sr., and Rick Mears, each of whom has won the race four times. The active racer with the most wins is HÃÆ'Â © lio Castroneves, with three. Rick Mears holds the record for most pole career positions with six. The most successful car owner is Roger Penske, owner of Team Penske, who has 17 total wins and 17 poles.
The event is immersed in tradition, in pre-race ceremonies, post-race celebrations, and racing procedures. The most important and most popular traditions are 33-car fields, the annual song "Back Home Again in Indiana," and a triumphant milk bottle.
Video Indianapolis 500
Racing specifications
The Indianapolis 500 is held annually at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, a 2.5-mile (2.5 km) oval circuit. The 200 lap lap racer, counter-clockwise around the circuit, for a distance of 500 miles (800 km). Since its founding in 1911, races are always scheduled on or around Memorial Day. Since 1974, the race has been specially scheduled for Sunday Memorial Week. Exercises and test runs are held within two weeks of the race. Sunday Sunday Memorial Week is widely regarded as one of the most important days in the motorsports calendar, such as the day at the Indianapolis 500, Coca-Cola 600, and (currently) the Monaco Grand Prix.
Traditionally, the field consists of 33 starters, aligned in the grid starting from eleven rows of three cars each. The event is contested by "Indy cars", a formula of professional level car seats, single seats, open cockpit, open wheels, and custom made. By 2018, all entrants use a 2.2 V6 engine, twin-turbocharged engine, which is tuned to produce a range of 550-700 horsepower (410-520 kW). Chevrolet and Honda are the current engine manufacturers involved in the sport. Firestone, which has a long history in sports, since the first 500, is currently the exclusive tire provider.
The race is the most prestigious event of the IndyCar calendar, and one of the oldest and most important racing cars. It has been recognized as the largest one-day sport event worldwide. Likewise, Speedway Motor Indianapolis itself is regarded as the world's largest sports facility in terms of capacity. The total wallet exceeded $ 13 million in 2011, with more than $ 2.5 million awarded to the winner, making it one of the richest cash prize funds in the sport world.
Similar to the NASCAR Daytona 500, the Indianapolis 500 is usually held early in the IndyCar Series season. It's unique for most sports where big events are usually held at the end of the season. Currently Indy 500 is the sixth event of the 17-race IndyCar schedule. From the 1970s to the 1990s, Indianapolis was often the second or third race of the season, and until the late 1950s it was sometimes the first championship event of the year. Because of the high prestige of the Indianapolis 500 - rival or even surpass the season championship - it is not uncommon for some teams and drivers to concentrate heavily on preparations for 500 during the early part of the season, and not focus completely on championship battles until after Indy.
The traditional 33-car field at Indianapolis is bigger than any other IndyCar field. The Indy field usually consists of all full-time IndyCar Series entries (about 20-22 cars), along with 10-15 part-time or "Indy-only" entries. The "Indy-only" entry may be an additional car added to an existing full-time team, or a part-time team that simply does not enter other races. The "Indy-only" driver may come from a variety of pedigrees, but usually Indy car drivers who do not have a full-time ride, are former full-time drivers who have opted to go to part-time status, or sometimes one-time racing discipliners others. It is not uncommon for some drivers (especially former Indy 500 winners), to stop full-time driving during the season, but to race in Indy itself for several years after that before retiring.
Due to security issues such as aquaplaning, the race is not held in wet conditions. If there is rain, the race will be delayed until the rain stops, and the track is quite dry. If it rains during the race, officials can end the race and announce official results if more than half the scheduled distance (ie, 101 rounds) has been completed. Indianapolis 500, as well as other IndyCar series, do not use a green-and-white-checker finish if there is a late yellow race. The race can, and in the past, finish with caution. However, officials may request red racing flags to ensure the completion of the green flag, an option used in 2014.
Maps Indianapolis 500
History
Initial years
The Indianapolis Motor Speedway Complex was built in 1909 as a gravel-and-tar lane and hosts small events, including for motorcycles. The first long-distance event, in "scary conditions," was the 100-lap Perst-O-Lite Trophy in 1909, won by Bob Burman in Buick. The outbreak of asphalt caused two fatal accidents in the first two long-range events (250 miles (400 km) and 300 miles (480 km), shortened to 235 mi (378 km) after two severe accidents).
That these glasses have attracted 15,000 paying customers (and a crowd of up to 40,000) persuaded the main owner, Carl G. Fisher, to spend US $ 155,000 to recharge the track with 3.2 million bricks; He also added a 2 foot (0.84 m) concrete wall around the circumference of the track. During the weekend of 1910 Decoration Day, the first event on the newly paved circuit attracted 60,000 spectators; Ray Harroun won the 200-mile (320 km) Wheeler-Schebler Trophy in a Marmon.
The crowd is getting smaller for the rest of the season, however, so the track owner chooses to focus on one race. They consider the 24-hour contest, in Le Mans mode, or 1,000 mi (1,600 km). Instead they chose a 500-mile (800 km) contest, as the distance of the race car could run before dark on the track. The spectacular wallet is $ US25,000, equivalent to 37,615 kg (82.93 pounds) of pure gold. This combination allows the track to get a privileged status quickly for auto racing.
The first "500" was held at Speedway on Decoration Day (as the Day of Remembrance is known since it was founded in 1868 to 1967 when the Federal Law made the Anniversary as its official name), May 30, 1911, run to 600-cubic inches (9.800Ã, cc ) formula of the machine's maximum size. It sees the field of 40 startups, with Harroun driving Marx Model 32's based Wasps runner-equipped with his invention, rear-view mirrors. Harroun (with help from Cyrus Patschke) was declared the winner, though Ralph Mulford protested the official results. Eighty thousand spectators were present, and the annual tradition was established. Many consider Harroun dangerous during the race, as he is the only driver in a horse-drawn driving race, who checks oil pressure and tells the driver when the traffic is coming.
In 1912, the wallet was raised to US $ 50,000. The field is limited to 33 (where it remains) and riding mechanics are made mandatory. The second event was won by Joe Dawson at National, after Mercedes Ralph de Palma broke. Although the first race was won by American riders on the wheels of an American car, European makers like Italian Fiat or French Peugeot company soon developed their own vehicles to try to win the show, which they did 1912-1919. 1913 event saw changes to a maximum engine size of 450-cubic inches (7.400Ã, cc).
After World War I, the original drivers and manufacturers regained their dominance from the race. Engineer Harry Miller places himself as the most competitive of the post-war builders. Its technical development enabled him to indirectly connect to the history of success that would last until the mid-1970s.
For musical entertainment before the start of the race, the All-American Purdue Marching Band began performing on the track near the finish line in 1927 and has been the home race band ever since. In 1946, American opera tenor and car enthusiast James Melton started the tradition of singing "Back Home Again in Indiana" with Purdue Band before the race when asked to do it unexpectedly by Speedway President Tony Hulman. This tradition has continued for many years, primarily by actor and singer Jim Nabors from 1972 to 2014. Nabors announced in 2014, with health-related reasons, that the 2014 Indy 500 will be the last in which he will sing a song the. In 2015, Straight No Chaser's acapella group sings songs before the race, and since Nabors's retirement (and before he became a regular singer), song songs were performed in turns.
Miller and Offenhauser
Following the European trend, engine sizes were limited to 183Ã, Â ° c (3,000Ã, cc) during 1920-1922, 122Ã, Â ° c (2,000Ã, cc) for 1923-1925, and 91Ã, Â ° c (1.490Ã, cc) in 1926-1929. The 1920 race was won by Gaston Chevrolet on the Frontenac, prepared by his brothers, backed by the first eight-cylinder engine to win the 500. For 1923, riding mechanics was no longer necessary. The supercharged car, ID, first won the race in 1924. In 1925, Pete DePaolo was the first to win on average over 100 mph (160 km/h), at a speed of 101.13 mph (162.75 km/h).
In the early 1920s, Miller built a 3.0 liter (183 in 3 ) engine, inspired by the improved Peugeot Grand Prix machine at his shop by Fred Offenhauser in 1914, installed it in Jimmy Murphy's Duesenberg and enabling he won the racing edition of 1922. Miller then created his own car, which shares the title 'Miller', which, in turn, is supported by its 2.0- and 1.5-liter supercharged versions (122 and 91 in 3 ) single-seaters machine, winning four more races for engines up to 1929 (two of them, 1926 and 1928, at Miller chassis). The engine powered seven more winners until 1938 (two of them, 1930 and 1932, in Miller's chassis), then ran initially with a stock-type motor before then adjusted to the international 3.0-liter formula.
After purchasing Speedway in 1927, Eddie Rickenbacker banned supercharging and increased the transfer limit to 366 cu at (6,000 cc), while also reintroducing riding mechanics.
In 1935, former employees of Miller, Fred Offenhauser and Leo Goosen, had achieved their first victory with the soon-known 4-cylinder offenhauser engine or "Offy". This motor is forever connected with the history of the Brickyard with a record total of 27 victories, both in a super-sucked and super-charged form, and won the same record for 18 consecutive years between 1947 and 1964.
European invasion
Meanwhile, European producers, going from Indianapolis 500 for nearly two decades, made a brief return before World War II, with a competitive 8CTF Maserati allowing Wilbur Shaw to become the first rider to win consecutively in Indianapolis, in 1939 and 1940. With 500 had been part of the Formula One World Racing Championships between 1950 and 1960, Ferrari made a secret appearance at the 1952 event with Alberto Ascari, but European entries were few and far between between those days. Among the Formula One drivers who drive in the speedway is the five-time world champion, Argentine Juan Manuel Fangio, although he failed to qualify for the 1958 race.
In fact, it is not until Indianapolis 500 is removed from the Formula One calendar that European entries get them back. In 1963, technical innovator Colin Chapman brought Team Lotus to Indianapolis for the first time, attracted by a large monetary prize, much larger than usual on European shows. Racing with mid-engine car, Scotsman Jim Clark came second in his first attempt in 1963, dominating in 1964 until suffering a suspension failure on lap 47, and completely dominating the race in 1965, a victory that also interrupted Offy's success, and provided the Ford V8 4.2 liters of his first success in the race. The following year, 1966, saw another British victory, this time Graham Hill at Lola-Ford.
Offenhauser engines were also paired with European maker McLaren, earning three wins for the chassis, one with the Penske team in 1972 with racer Mark Donohue, and two for McLaren's teamwork in 1974 and 1976 with Johnny Rutherford. This is also the last time Offy will win the race, his competitiveness continued to decline until his final appearance in 1983. The American drivers continued to fill most of the entry in the Brickyard in subsequent years, but European technology has taken over. Starting in 1978, most chassis and machines were European, with the only American-based chassis that prevailed during the CART era were Wildcat and Galmer (actually built in Bicester, England) in 1982 and 1992, respectively. Ford and Chevrolet engines are built in the UK by Cosworth and Ilmor.
Fernando Alonso is the latest Active Formula One racer for the race in the Indy 500 mile race, in 2017. Before that, no active F1 racer has competed in the Indy 500 since 1984.
World Series
Once foreign cars become the norm, foreign drivers start competing at Indianapolis 500 on a regular basis, choosing the United States as their primary base for their motor racing activities. Brazil's Emerson Fittipaldi, Italian Teo Fabi, and Colombian Roberto Guerrero, were able to get a good outing in the 1980s, like the Dutchman Arie Luyendyk. However, it was not until 1993 that the reigning Formula One World Champion Nigel Mansell stunned the racing world by moving to the United States, winning the IndyCar World Series Championship CART and only losing 500 in his rookie year due to inexperience with the green flag restart. Foreign drivers become regular fixtures of Indianapolis in the following years. Although the increase in foreign drivers is generally associated with the CART era, it should be noted that four of the first six Indianapolis 500 winners are non-American racers.
The name of the race
The race was originally advertised as the "International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race" from 1911 to 1916. However, from the beginning, the race has been widely known as the Indianapolis 500 or, more simply as "the 500". In 1919, the race was called the "Liberty Lottery" after World War I. From 1920 to 1980, the race was officially returned to the "International Sweepstakes" moniker, as printed on tickets and other equipment, with little variation over the years, year.
After World War II, races are commonly known as "The 500", "The 500-Mile Race", "Indianapolis 500-Mile Race", "Indianapolis 500", or a simple form "Indy 500". Usually ordinal (eg "50th") precedes it. Often the contest is also advertised on the radio as an "Anniversary Anniversary race", or a similar variation.
For the 1981 race, the name "Indianapolis 500-Mile Race 65" was officially adopted, with all references as "International Lottery" down. Since 1981, the race has been officially advertised in this fashion, complete with a unique annual logo with ordinal almost always included. Around the same time, in the wake of the 1979 entry controversy, and the formation of CART, the race turned into an invite event, rather than Open, making the description of "sweepstakes" inappropriate.
For nearly a century, the race avoided all sorts of naming rights or title sponsorship, a move, though rare in the world of modern sport, well received by fans. This tradition finally ended in 2016 when the present sponsor, PennGrade, was added for the first time. In the 21st century, this facility is also slowly adding sponsor ads on retaining walls and grass infield. The ABC television broadcast produced by ESPN from the event does not recognize this sponsor, and instead owns Firestone Tires as its sponsor.
The Borg-Warner Trophy, introduced in 1936, proclaimed the event as "Indianapolis 500-Mile Race", with no reference at all to the name "International Lottery".
Centennial Era
In 2009, Indianapolis Motor Speedway started a three-year "Centennial Era" to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the opening line (1909), and the 100th anniversary of the first Indy 500 (1911). As a gesture for the nostalgic celebration of the Centennial Era (2009-2011), tickets for the 2009 race wear the "93rd 500 Mile International Lottery" moniker. This is the first time since 1980 that the title of "Lottery" has been used. During May 2009, the ordinal (93) was used sparingly, and for the first time since 1981, was not identified on the annual logo. In contrast, in many respects in print, television and radio, the race is referred to as the "2009 Indianapolis 500". Since the race was not held during the participation of the United States in the two World Wars (1917-1918, 1942-1945), the advertised Hundred Era occurred during 93 to 95 runnings. To avoid confusion between the 100th anniversary, and the number of times the race is run, references to ordinal during Centennial Era are limited.
Six years later, in 2016, the race celebrates the 100th with about 350,000 people attending.
Female driver
Women's participation in any form in Indianapolis is not recommended and is essentially banned for the first few decades of competition. Thus, female journalists were not even allowed into the pit area until 1971. There were nine female drivers who escaped, beginning with Janet Guthrie in 1977.
Sarah Fisher has competed nine times, mostly women. Danica Patrick led 19 laps in the 2005 race and ten laps in the 2011 race, the only time a woman led the round during the race. Pippa Mann has raced in Indy five times in a row between 2013 and 2017.
Race sanction
AAA and USAC
From 1911 to 1955, the race was held under the auspices of the AAA Contest Board. After the Le Mans disaster of 1955, AAA dissolved the Contest Board to concentrate on its membership program aimed at the general public of automotive. Speedway owner Tony Hulman founded USAC in 1956, which took over sanctions from the race and racing championship sports.
From 1950 to 1960, the Indianapolis 500 also counted for the FIA ​​Driver World Championships (now synonymous with Formula One), although some drivers participated in other races of the series. Italian Alberto Ascari is the only European-based rider who actually races in the 500 during the World Championship years. His appearance in 1952 at Ferrari was also the only Ferrari ever to appear in the race. Juan Manuel Fangio trained on the track in 1958 but refused an offer for the race.
Controlling monetary problems and disputes of technical regulations caused a conflict in the 1970s. Soon after the death of Tony Hulman in 1977, and the loss of several key USAC officials in the 1978 plane crash, several key team owners united and formed the CART at the end of 1978 to support Indy racing sports car.
The Indianapolis 500 itself, however, remains under USAC sanctions control. It became a top-level race alone which was still sanctioned, as it eventually dropped all of Indy's car races (as well as their stock car division) to concentrate on sprints and midgets. For the next three years, the race was not officially recognized on the CART calendar, but the CART team and driver consisted of field. In 1983, an agreement was made for the USAC-approved Indy 500 to be recognized on the CART calendar, and the race was awarded points to the CART championship.
Despite the CART/USAC division, from 1983 to 1995, the race was run in relative harmony. CART and USAC sometimes argue over relatively small technical regulations, but use the same machine and CART-based teams and drivers consist of most Indy 500 entries each year.
IndyCar Series
In 1994, Speedway owner Tony George announced plans for a new series, called Indy Race League. Indy 500 will serve as its center. Opinions vary on his motivations, with his supporters sharing his disagreement about the lack of race status in the CART, the increasing number of foreign drivers (because American drivers are interested in NASCAR), and the decline in ovals in the season series. The detractors accused George of dumping his load and using the race as a force to gain complete control over open-wheel racing in the United States.
In 1995, and in response to a schedule change by the CART series that placed several races in direct conflict with the Indy Racing League event, George announced that 25 of the 33 starting positions at Indy 500 in 1996 would be reserved for the top 25 cars. in IRL points position (similar in practice to the NASCAR Top 35 rules introduced a few years later). This step effectively leaves only eight open positions for CART customers who choose not to participate in the IRL race. CART's reaction was to refuse to compromise on schedule conflicts, passing the IRL race needed to collect qualifying points, boycott the race, and roll out a competing event, 500 US, the same day in Michigan. Veteran Buddy Lazier won the competitive but accident-riddled Indy 500 1996. Two CART teams, Walker Racing and Galles Racing, competed at the Indianapolis 500 to meet sponsorship duties and were greeted without incident. The US 500, meanwhile, failed to accumulate as much interest and was marred by a major accident on speed lap which forced ten teams to use the spare car. The CART will run at Gateway International Raceway, racing 300 miles in the following years (1997-1999) instead.
For 1997, new regulations for cheaper cars and "production-based" engines were installed. This step makes it such that IRL uses different and incompatible tools; no CART-based team will enter the Indy 500 for the next three years.
In 2000, Target Chip Ganassi Racing, still a mainstay-CART, made the decision to cross and compete in Indianapolis with racers Jimmy Vasser and Juan Pablo Montoya. On the day of the race, Montoya dominated the event, leading 167 of the 200 rounds to victory. In 2001, Penske Racing returned and won the race with HÃÆ' Â © lio Castroneves driver. Penske and Castroneves repeated with victory in 2002.
In 2003, Ganassi, Penske and Andretti Green all defected to IRL permanently. CART is bankrupt at the end of the year, and its rights and infrastructure are bought by the remaining car owners, and it becomes the Champ Car World Series. Both series continued to operate separately until 2007. In early 2008, the two series united to create a single open wheel championship after a 12-year split run under the control of Indy Racing League/IMS - known as the IndyCar Series.
The 2012 race is the return of the Turbocharged engine for the first time since 1996 with the use of Dallara DW12 chassis and 2.2 L V-6 single turbo and twin turbocharged engines.
NASCAR and 500
In the 1960s and early 1970s, Indy 500 and World 600 (now known as Coca-Cola 600) at Charlotte Motor Speedway were held on different days of the week. A number of NASCAR customers participated in both events in the same year, including Bobby Allison, Donnie Allison, Cale Yarborough, and Lee Roy Yarbrough. From 1974 to 1992, both events were scheduled for the same day and the same start time, so participation was impossible. Some of the car drivers during that time, Neil Bonnett in 1979, were still trying to qualify on Indy, even if that meant skipping Charlotte altogether.
"Dual Task"
From 1994 to 2014, several NASCAR drivers were able to compete in the Indy 500 and Coca-Cola 600 in Charlotte on the same day. Since 1993, Coca-Cola 600 has been scheduled in the afternoon on the same day as the Indy 500. This effort has been known as "Dual Duty". At the end of the Indy 500, the driver will board a helicopter directly from Speedway to Indianapolis International Airport. From there they will fly to Concord Regional Airport, and take a helicopter to the NASCAR race. John Andretti, Tony Stewart and Robby Gordon tried to do that, with Kurt Busch becoming the latest in 2014. In 2001, Tony Stewart became the first racer to complete the full race (1,100 miles) in both races on the same day.
For 2005, the start of Indianapolis was pushed back to 1pm. EDT to improve television ratings. This significantly closes the window for the driver to be able to race both events on the same day. (Early start time of the race was set at 11 am EST to 12 pm EDT - because in 1911, racing promoters estimated it would take six hours to complete the event, and they did not want the race to finish too close to suppertime Currently, the race is routinely finished in less than three and a half hours.)
The two riders, Mario Andretti and A. J. Foyt, have won the Indianapolis 500 and the Daytona 500. Foyt also won 24 Hours of Daytona and 12 Hours of Sebring, America's premier endurance race, as well as 24 Hours of Le Mans. Foyt won Le Mans in 1967, about a month after winning his third Indy 500. Andretti won the 1978 Formula One World Championship and was a three-time Sebring winner (he also won the Daytona 6 hour version). The Indianapolis 500 winner Johnny Rutherford once won one of the 500 qualified Daytona qualifiers. In 2010, Chip Ganassi became the first car owner to win Daytona and Indianapolis 500 in the same year, with Jamie McMurray winning the Daytona 500 and Dario Franchitti winning the Indianapolis 500.
In 2010, Bruton Smith (owner of Speedway Motorsports, Inc.), offered $ 20,000,000 to each driver, IndyCar or NASCAR, who could win the Indianapolis 500 and Coca-Cola 600 on the same day starting in 2011 - an achievement yet never done before. For 2011, Indianapolis Motor Speedway moved the Indy 500 start time back to 12:15 PM EDT (before 2005, the engine starts at 10:52 AMT; under the modern schedule, the engine starts around 12:05 to start around 12:15 pm ), which reopened the window for the trip. Brad Keselowski suggested that he would consider answering the challenge in 2014. It was announced on March 4, 2014, that Kurt Busch would try to qualify for the 2014 Indianapolis 500, driving a fifth car for Andretti Autosport's team. Busch completed all 500 miles on Indy to finish sixth but out of 600 with the engine exploding just past the 400 mile mark.
Technical regulations
The technical specifications for the current Indianapolis 500 are written by IndyCar. The rules are generally the same as every other IndyCar race. In the past, especially during the era when USAC approved the Indy 500 (but the CART approved the other Indy car races), the rules in Indy were slightly different at certain moments. The result, for example, would be a legal engine chassis or configuration in Indy, but not in CART-approved events. This was somewhat prevalent in the 1980s and early 1990s, when the "block-share" engine (ie the Buick V-6) provided an increased level of turbocharger upgrades by USAC in Indy, compared to the purpose-built V-8. engine cam. While "stock block" machines are technically legal in the CART competition, they are not given an increase in boost advantage, which effectively makes them uncompetitive, and hinders their use by teams. The most notable manifestation of the USAC rules disparity is the Ilmor's Mercedes-Benz 500I engine made by Roger Penske in 1994.
The team can enter up to two machines below the given car number - "primary" and "backup" cars. The backup car is identified with the letter "T". For example, two cars for team # 2 will be numbered # 2 and # 2T. Both cars can be practiced for a month, but because of the rules of machine rent, they must share the same machine. Not infrequently the team prefer their backup car, if considered faster, or for other strategic reasons. In addition, when the month is worn, the "T" car can be split into its own entries, and redefine the new number, or sell it to another team.
All cars must pass a rigorous technical inspection before accepting a sticker indicating that the car qualifies for practice. Criteria include minimum weight, dimensions, and approved parts, especially safety equipment. Before and after the qualifying effort, the car must pass another inspection. Pre-qualification inspections are focused on the safety aspect and performed on the pit lane qualifying queue. This is relatively short, due to time constraints of the qualification procedure. Post-qualification checks are much tighter and longer, and take place in the garage area. This is to detect deviations from performance guidelines established by the league, and cars can and have been fined or immediately disqualified if they fail the inspection.
Qualification procedure
Over the years, the race has used a number of different qualification procedures. The four-round qualifying distance (ten miles) is currently first introduced in 1920 and has been used annually since 1939.
In 2014, the qualification procedure is refined, so the winner of the starting pole and grid positions will be determined over two days. On the weekend before the race (Saturday and Sunday), all cars are included in the blind lottery for eligible orders.
- Saturday: All entries can create up to three attempts to qualify. The top 33 cars at the end of the day are locked on the grid. The top nine cars will advance to a special "shoot-out" session to determine pole position. Making a second (or third) attempt to automatically cancel previous attempts.
- Sunday: Eligible drivers 10-33 on Saturday have their original time erased, and go out to make a new run. This process specifies the list of grids for positions 10-33. Riders who qualify 1-9 on Saturday progress to "Fast 9". The cars also had their original time erased. Each car makes a new effort, and sets the line for positions 1-9, including the highly desirable polar position.
For every effort, the car allowed two laps of heating. At that time, a team member was stationed at the northern end of the main stretch. He must wave the green flag, signify the effort, or the car will be removed. This effort can be done for four laps by teams, drivers, or races officials. (This series will wiggle run if it is clear that the run will not be fast enough to qualify and will be too late.) If an attempt is released after the run begins, the effort is counted down to three attempts the limit and the previous time is still out of date, except the officials the race waves by the weather.
Culture
Memorabilia
Many people promote and share information about the Indianapolis 500 and collect memorabilia. The National Indy 500 Collectors Club is an independent, independent organization dedicated to supporting such activities. The organization was founded January 1, 1985, in Indianapolis by its founder John Blazier and includes an experienced membership available for discussion and advice on Indy 500 trading memorabilia and Indy 500 in general.
The longest running Indy racing memorabilia event is the National Racing Memorabilia Exhibition.
Entertainment
The Indianapolis 500 has been the subject of several films and has been referenced many times on television, movies and other media.
Milk
Louis Meyer asked for a glass of buttermilk after winning his second Indy 500 race in 1933. After winning his third title in 1936, he asked for another glass but instead received a bottle. He was captured by a photographer in a gulping act from a bottle holding three fingers to signify a third win. A local dairy company executive acknowledged the marketing opportunity in the picture and, unaware Meyer was drinking buttermilk, offered a bottle of milk to the winners of the race in the future. Milk has been served every year since then, apart from 1947 until 1955. The modern driver is offered a choice of whole, 2%, and skim.
In the 1993 Indianapolis 500, the winner of Emerson Fittipaldi, who owned and operated an orange orchard, famously drank orange juice instead of milk during a television interview. He finally relented and also drank from a bottle of milk later in a post-race ceremony after the broadcast was over, but the damage to public relations had been done. The harassment caused Fittipaldi to be booed at the next ChampCar race, the Milwaukee Mile, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the heart of the dairy country, and by some, until the end of 2008 at the Indianapolis 500 where he drove a race car. In 2016 the Indianapolis 500, as a promotional, trajectory gave the milk bottle a warning to 100,000 participants to bake the winner with milk after the race.
Broadcasting
Race radio coverage dates back to 1922. The race has been broadcast live on radio as a whole by Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network since 1953.
The Hulmans are somewhat resistant to allow direct television coverage of 500, mostly to maximize gate presence. The race was briefly broadcast live in 1949 and 1950 on WFBM-TV, after which the practice was discontinued. From 1964 to 1970, the race was broadcast live on closed-circuit television in cinemas across the country. From 1965 to 1970, the highlighted contest version was featured on ABC Wide World of Sports . From 1971 to 1985, the same day delayed broadcasts edited from the race were shown at prime time. Race broadcasts are edited to a duration of two or three hours (including ads).
From 1986 to 2018, ABC broadcasted the race as a whole. However, at Speedway's request, the WRTV affiliate Indianapolis is required for a live broadcast outage and takes it on tape delay in prime time to encourage the presence of local races. In 2007 (the first year in which the race was conducted under ESPN on ABC branding), the race was first shown in high definition. In 2016, the IMS declared a sell-off from the race tickets to run the 100 events, meaning that WRTV will be allowed to air the race for the first time since 1950.
The timeframe scope on the ABC dates back to 1961. ABC includes the test of time in various live formats and in a pending format from 1961 to 2008 and from 2014. ESPN (and then along with ESPN2) brought various parts of the time trial from 1987 to 2008. Versus (now NBCSN) covers the test of time from 2009 to 2013. Training sessions have been streamed online dating back to at least 2001.
In 2019, the Indianapolis 500 will move to NBC, as part of a new three-year contract that brings together IndyCar Series television rights with NBC Sports (the parent division of IndyCar's current cable partner NBCSN), and replaces the five-race package aired by ABC with a package of eight race at NBC. The Indianapolis 500 will be one of eight races, which ended the 54-year long ABC's waiting period as a race announcer. WTHR will be the local broadcaster of the race under this contract; Existing blackout policies are expected to continue.
See also
- Indianapolis 500 first
- Indianapolis 500 records
- Indianapolis 500 tradition
- Indianapolis 500 by year
- Indianapolis 500 car speed
- Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year
- List of winners of Indianapolis 500
- List of Indianapolis 500 pole-sitter
- List of Indianapolis 500 leader leaders
- List of Indianapolis 500 broadcasters
- List of the Indianapolis 500 female drivers
- List of fatalities at Indianapolis Motor Speedway
References
Further reading
- Terry Reed. Indy: The Indianapolis 500 Race and Ritual . 2nd Edition. Potomac Books, Inc.; 2005. ISBN: 978-1-57488-907-9.
External links
- Official website
- Images from Ralph J. Satterlee Indianapolis 500 Photo Collection, Digital Media Media Ball's Media Repository
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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