Kitchen cabinets are built-in furniture installed in many kitchens for food storage, cooking utensils, and often silverware and dishes for table services. Equipment such as refrigerators, dishwashers, and ovens are often integrated into kitchen cabinets. There are many options for cabinets available today.
Video Kitchen cabinet
Histori
As is commonly used today, the term kitchen cabinets shows the installation of a built-in kitchen either floor or wall cabinet. Typically, some floor cabinets are covered by one table and the floors and walls are inaccessible behind and under the wardrobe. Kitchen cabinets per se were discovered in the 20th century. The precursor, not built-in, was Hoosier's cabinet in the 1910s, a piece of furniture that incorporated storage and work surfaces, of which more than 2 million were sold in 1920.
- Pre-WW-I cabinet design. The common kitchen before World War I used a free-standing work table and a pantry for dry storage. Wardrobes are sometimes used in kitchens, though on larger house plates more often stored in the dining room or kitchen of the orphanage. Rotten foods such as milk, meat and vegetables are purchased daily.
- Post-WW-I industrial era. Increased interest in household efficiency led to the study of a domestic work pioneering movement in 1920 by industry psychologist Lillian Moller Gilbreth. The next improvement in kitchen design set the stage for the familiar built-in cabinets today. At that time, the work surface is usually made of linoleum or stainless steel. Technological improvements eventually enable the production of industrial-scale cabinets.
- The design of the post-WW-II cabinet. In the US, countertops from high-pressure laminates such as Formica became popular. Lamination led to the adoption of a smooth surface smooth surfacing design that is common these days, although the laminate itself is being replaced by solid surface materials, such as rocks and quartz. In Europe, built-in cabinets have also been pioneered in the 1920s. With improved materials, the borderless cabinet style, renowned for its minimalist architecture reminiscent of the Bauhaus design, emerged in European kitchen design and was soon adopted around the world.
- The tendency of post-modern cabinet design. Other elements of kitchen design affect cabinet selection. For example, post-modern kitchens tend to be characterized by hardwood floors, ground tones, and blank walls in place of wallpapers which, in turn, influence cabinet choices. Trends include the introduction of more cost-effective options, space-saving measures, larger oven counts, thicker countertops [2-3 inches (51-76 mm)], higher base cabinets, sharpened finishing, high table appliances, undercounter and lighting tasks, and height [eg, 9-foot (2.7 m)] ceiling. Although this is a common kitchen design trend, they also affect the cabinet.
- Kitchen today . Modern kitchen design has improved in part as a result of ergonomic research. Functionality is important; one research study has "anthropological scientists" observing homeowners "interacting" with their kitchen cabinets. The kitchen is larger and has more closets; some kitchens may have fifty drawers and cabinet doors. New features now include deep drawers for cookware, tin shelves to avoid over bending, a sponge tray on the front of the sink cabinet, recycling/recycling bin, retractable spice cabinet, lazy nurse in the closet corners, vertical storage for cake sheets, fully-fledged drawer slides, and soft-close/positive-close drawers and doors that allow the drawers to close quietly, or that close completely after being pushed only partially. As housing stocks get older, many homeowners face problems with old unattractive kitchen cabinets; In such situations, there is the option to buy new (most expensive), reface existing ones (cheaper), or to peel and repair existing cabinets (at least if done by homeowners). In 2009, there was more emphasis on cabinets designed by considering environmental factors. The so-called "green cabinets" are becoming more popular. When homes in Western countries become more airtight to save on heating and cooling costs, air quality sometimes suffers as gases are released from the resins as they heal. Resin, an organic material converted from a liquid to a solid form, is used to make engineering wood (eg, particleboard) which is often used to make carbide kitchen cabinets can be a factor. According to the latest report:
Considering that North Americans spend most of their lives indoors, it is clear why this is a major problem in designing a healthy space. In addition, air quality is not an independent issue; Conversely, any other component of the home can affect air quality. Air quality can be compromised with off-gassing of cabinets, countertops, floors, wall coverings or fabrics; by cooking byproducts that are released into the air, and by fungi caused by excessive moisture or poor ventilation.
- Universal design Some designers have begun building homes and cabinets to meet user needs throughout the human life cycle and among all user capabilities, under a concept called universal design. The United States needs a universal design for federal government-funded housing, under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Universal design features include easily manipulated grip, low switches, and many other innovations.
Maps Kitchen cabinet
Wood cabinet selection
Closet doors can feature a variety of materials such as wood, metal or glass. Wood can be solid wood ("breadboard" construction) or engineering wood or can be mixed (eg wood paneling in a solid wood frame)
- Frame . In solid wooden frames and US panel construction, either using mortise and thorns or overlapping and sticking jointed frames, are traditional, with maple, cherry, oak, birch, and hickory among the most commonly used species. The mortise-and-tenon frame, with its greater strength and immortality, is more expensive to produce and less used than the cope-and-stick frames. As an alternative, shared frame partners, which can be identified by relief of surface surfaces that follow continuously around the frame, have become popular. The jointed frame usually uses embedded metal fasteners to secure the frame elements (stiles and rails) cut at an angle of 45 °. Captured in a frame, the panels can be solid engineering wood or veneers (either particleboard or medium density fiberboard). Laminates, including those designed to resemble hardwoods, can usually be identified by a more rounded appearance associated with minimum bending radius that must be generated by the process of making the application of laminate to the substrate underneath. By comparison, solid surfaces, and especially solid hardwoods, can be milled with sharper angles, edges, or grooves, either on panels or frames.
- Panel . Panels used in kitchen cabinet door frames and panels can be made of solid wood or covered by paint, veneer, or laminate made of engineered wood. Panels are usually not tied with glue or nails but are "floating" inside the frame to accommodate seasonal expansion or wooden frame contractions.
- Solid-door construction . Doors can be made from solid materials, either engineered wood (particle board or medium density fiberboard, but not usually plywood) or solid wood. Engineered wood panels can be used as slabs or can be shaped like frame and panel construction. In both cases, engineered wood panels are generally painted, veneered, or laminated. Solid wood panels are usually formed from several boards of selected wood species, spliced ​​together using glue and can be painted or finished. Solid wood construction offers the possibility of refinishing in case of damage or wear.
- Decorative panel . Panel cabinet doors can be used decoratively on the sides of the cabinet, where open, for a more finished appearance.
- Glass door construction options . The door may have a glass window built of muntin and mullion that holds the glass panel (as in the exterior window). Other designs can mimic the appearance of split muntins and mullions with overlays, or perhaps throw them away altogether. Cabinets using glass doors sometimes use glass shelves and interior lighting from the top of the cabinet. Glass shelves allow light to reach the entire cabinet. For special display effects, the interior of the cabinet can be closed with a mirror to distribute the light further.
Drawer and tray
The purpose of functional design for cabinet interiors involves maximizing useful space and utility in the context of kitchen workflow. Drawers and trays in the bottom cupboard allow access from above and avoid uncomfortable or sore crouching.
In the construction of a face frame, a drawer or tray should clean the frame-face stile and 2 inches (51 mm) narrower than the available cabinet interior space. The 2 inch disappearance is very visible and significant for the kitchen including some narrow cabinets [15-inch (380 mm) or less].
In a frameless construction, drawer boxes can be sized almost to the opening of the interior of the cabinet giving better use of the available space.
However, the same does not apply to the tray. Even in the case of frameless construction doors and hinges when open blocking some of the width of the interior cabinet. Because the tray is installed behind the door, the tray is usually much narrower than the drawer. Special hinges are available that can allow trays of the same width as drawers but they are not widely used.
The shelf provides more storage space than a drawer or tray, but is less accessible.
Oven wall cabin
Stock-stock oven cabinets can be adapted to a built-in oven, coffee maker, or other equipment by removing cabinet parts and adding trim panels to achieve flush mounting.
Frameless cabinets provide the same oven front panel width as the width of the cabinet (see above). In such installations the front panel of the oven occupies the same profile as the closet door. Thus, a frameless installation for wall-ovens makes use of the most efficient wall space in the kitchen.
This effect is difficult to achieve in the installation of a typical face frame cabinet, as it requires modifications to the face frame (which essentially removes the face frame in the cut-out oven).
Cabinet completed
Cabinets can be finished with frosted paint, frosted lacquer, and transparent linings such as lacquer or varnish. Decorative finishes include sad, glass, and toning. Finishing options can affect the color of the cabinet, sheen (from flat to high gloss), and felt.
- High pressure laminates or (HPL) made of resins and paper components under high pressure; In contrast, ordinary wood does not support such pressure, and can be crushed to less than half its natural thickness in hand-operated press arbor presses. High pressure squeezes HPL into solid density so it becomes extremely resistant to damage just because any HPL tool or tool will not have greater power than the power used to form the HPL itself. As a result, HPL has a previous dent . HPL can be decorated in any pattern and applied using contact cement and pressed in place using "J-roller." Cut slightly larger than panels to be installed and trimmed using laminate trimmers such as routers along the edges. It can also be submitted to get the edge end. While HPL became prevalent in the twentieth century, since the 1970s the trend has moved away from supporting HPL wood.
- Melamine is a coating for panel furniture board in carcass. Unique white-in-color chemical formulations help prevent damage by chemicals and provide impact resistance comparable to HPL. The melamine-lined board is widely available in home centers for rack-like purposes.
- Termofoil is a plastic laminate coating applied to board-furniture. This is usually applied to boards that have been milled, shaped, or streamed into complex profiles. While the thermofoil can have a unique glossy sheen and has the same strength and impact resistance as HPL, it can not be repaired if damaged.
- Paint is usually applied to maple cabinet doors or to MDF (medium density fiberboard) with a spray gun as opposed to a brush or paint roller, to achieve a smooth coating. Most large-scale cabinet makers apply one or two layers of primer before paint as well as a protective lacquer layer afterwards.
- Stain is a water-based or thinner dye that allows wood grain to show. When it comes to apps there are two main categories of staining. wiping spots and spray stains. Wipe the stain sprayed onto Wood and then wipe while the spray stain is allowed to dry without wiping. One thing to keep in mind when it comes to coloring it is that the color of the wood also affects the end result. For example, the stain on the oak will not be the same color in Maple.
Cabinet hardware
Hardware is a term used for metal fittings that are inserted into foreign cabinets of wood or engineered wood substitutes and tables. The most basic hardware consists of hinges and attractive drawers/doors, although the hinges are just an absolute necessity for the cabinet because the pull can be made of wood or plastic, and the drawer slides are traditionally made of wood. In modern kitchens, it is very unusual to use wood for drawer slides because of the quality that is superior to the slides/sides of the metal drawer.
Drawer and tray
Drawers and trays make it easy to access the contents of the cabinet. They are a great benefit because they reduce bending and squatting. The only drawback is a bit of usable space taken by the slide as well as the distance of the door. A typical drawer is 5 inches (130 mm) narrower than a comparable shelf. A drawer can usually hold about 75 to 100 pounds for regular use. Using the slide, mounted on the side (reducing the width slightly) or the bottom (completely invisible), the drawer or tray can be extended away with smooth, linear movement using minimum effort.
Drawer extension is the open proportion of a fully extended drawer. Traditional drawers with wood-to-wood runners can only be extended by about three quarters; However, modern runners activate drawers with full extensions. Slide design parameters are height, depth, extension, weight rating, durability, ease of service, and smooth operation.
Close gently and press to open
New varieties of hinges and slides have been developed that enhance the action and use of doors and drawers.
- Soft Close is one of the most widely used hardware enhancements, the system where once the door/drawer is pressed to close, the mechanism slows the door/drawer momentum, closing gently and quietly. This system is useful in reducing door slamming, injury to children and damage to cabinets.
- Push to Open is another common hardware option, this mechanism allows people to simply press the closet door, where the spring mechanism then opens the door without the need for a handle. This option is used in upscale kitchens where a clean and unhandled look is what you want.
Custom hardware
There is a wide range of special hardware for kitchen cabinets. Special hardware for angles and other blind cabinets makes their contents more accessible. They may be in the form of a lazy arrangement with or without slice pieces or from slide trays that allow hidden corner space to be occupied with trays that slide to the lateral and forwards/back. The drawer sponge uses a special hinge that fits between the front of the cabinet and the sink.
Purchase cabinet
Before purchasing a cabinet, proper measurement is essential if there is no unused space, the cabinets may be inappropriate, or there may be interference between various kitchen elements, such as doors and drawers. Note that European cabinets typically have different sizes from those in North America, and are typically built in multiples of 100mm, with a width of 600mm being common size.
Buyers can purchase pre-built "stock" cupboards for quick delivery that usually arrive within a week or less. Conversely, custom-made cabinets can have a longer delivery time, like four weeks. The
- Base cabinet is usually in 24 inches (610 mm) and 34 1 / 2 inch (880 mm) tall to accommodate a table surface typically 36 inches (910 mm) above the floor. The
- Wall cabinet typically has a depth of 12 inches (300 mm). Their altitude is often 30 inches (760 mm), for example, if plugged into soffit. In a kitchen with an 8 foot (2.4 m) ceiling, a 36 inch (910 mm) wall cabinet will leave about 6 inches (150 mm) space above a cabinet that can be covered with a crown mold. ; the 42-inch-high (1,100 mm) wall cabinet will run straight up to the top of the ceiling. Wall cabinets are sometimes called "top cabinets." The distance from the desk to the wall of the cabinet is usually 18 inches (460 mm), but this distance is sometimes less if there is undercabinet lighting. The closet can have the top open to display the ornaments. Ceiling higher than 9 feet (2.7 m) can allow another level of closet.
The dimensions of the cabinet are determined by the first width, the second height, the last depth. width-high-depth is a commonly accepted convention. Thus, the 18x36x12 cabinet has a width of 18 inches (460 mm), a height of 36 inches (910 mm), and a depth of 12 inches (300 mm). Sometimes the top cabinet is considered to have a depth of 12 inches (300 mm), so only the width and height are given. For example, the "W1836" label means a wall mounted cabinet (12 inches (300 mm) deep is 18 inches (460 mm) and 36 inches (910 mm) tall.
Special cabinets, though expensive, can fit in the available space by pulling, and can enter the uneven or straight wall. They can combine more than one opening and eliminate invisible stencils doubled in the installation of face frames as well as bringing the aesthetics of unusual or finished wood. Special cabinets sometimes offer inset closet doors, and can match existing furniture styles or periods. It is sometimes possible to mix custom cabinets and stocks that have identical finishes.
Cabinets can be purchased from specialty retailers, kitchen remodel makers, home centers, online retailers, and ready-assembled furniture manufacturers. Some installers offer transaction packages ranging from measurement, to construction, to installation.
Wardrobes are sometimes sent in complete assemblies. Carcasses should be checked carefully before installation, as defects are difficult to repair after installation. Cabinets ready to assemble furniture is cheaper and sent in a flat box. Some courses teach homeowners how to build their own cabinets.
Cleaning cabinet
Since the kitchen is a space for food preparation, the cupboard that stores the food must be kept clean with a cloth microfiber or dust rag. Violent fat stains and coarse dirt can be removed with warm water and fat solvents, then cleaned with plain cotton cloth. Window cleaner and clean cloth can be used with microfiber cloth for cleaning.
Bibliography
- Mary Drake McFeely, Can She Bake a Cherry Pie: American Women and Kitchen in the 20th Century
- Dolores Hayden, The Great House Revolution: The History of Feminist Designs for the American Home, Environment, and City
- Nancy Carlisle, et al. American Kitchen
- Ruth Oldenziel, ed, Cold War Kitchen: Americanized, Technology, and European Users
- Ellen Lupton, Bathroom, Kitchen, and Aesthetics of Waste
- Mary Snodgrass, Kitchen History Encyclopedia
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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