The Monstroney sticker or window sticker is a necessary label in the United States to display in all new cars and includes a list of certain official information about the car. The window sticker was named Almer Stillwell "Mike" Monroney, US Senator from Oklahoma. Monroney sponsors the 1958 Mobile Information Disclosure Act, which mandates disclosure of equipment and pricing information on new cars.
Since the mid-1970s the United States Environmental Protection Agency provides fuel economy metrics in the label to help consumers choose more fuel-efficient vehicles.
New requirements for Monroney's label were issued for 2008 cars and light trucks sold in the US. The 2007 Independence Security and Security Act (EISA) mandates inclusion of additional information on fuel efficiency as well as ratings on greenhouse gas emissions and other air pollutants.
A more comprehensive fuel economy and label environment is mandatory starting in the 2013 model year, although some car makers adopt voluntarily for 2012 models. New window stickers include special labels for alternative fuels and alternative propulsion vehicles available in the US market, such as plug-in hybrids, electric vehicles, fuel-flexible vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and natural gas vehicles.
The new label introduces the comparison of alternative fuels and advanced technology vehicles with conventional internal combustion engine vehicles using equivalent miles per gallon of gasoline (MPGe) as a metric. Other information provided for the first time includes the ratings of greenhouse gases and smoke emissions, estimated fuel costs over the next five years, and QR Code scanned by smartphones to enable users access additional online information.
Video Monroney sticker
Isi label
Monroney stickers are required to be affixed to the side windows or windshield of any new car sold in the United States and can only be removed by consumers (Chapter 28, Section 1231-1233, Title 15 of the United States Code). Fines of up to US $ 1,000 per vehicle for each violation are authorized if the sticker is lost, and other fees and penalties are authorized if the sticker is illegally altered (including jail). This action does not apply to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 8,500 pounds (3,856 kg).
Stickers must include the following information:
- Manufactured manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP)
- Engine and transmission specifications
- Standard equipment and warranty details
- Optional fixtures and prices
- Rating of city and highway fuel economy, as determined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Since September 2007, the crash test rating is determined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Maps Monroney sticker
Renewable fuel economy label
As required by the 2007 Independence Security and Security Act (EISA), with the introduction of technologically advanced vehicles in the US, new information should be included in Monroney's label of new cars and light trucks sold in the country, such as ratings on fuel economy, gas emissions greenhouses, and other air pollutants. The US Environmental Protection Agency and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) conducted a series of studies to determine the best way to redesign this label to provide consumers with simple energy and environmental comparisons across all vehicle types, including battery electric vehicles (BEV) plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles powered by gasoline and diesel, to help consumers choose more efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles.
As part of the research and redesign process, EPA conducts focus groups where participants are presented with several options for expressing power consumption for plug-in electric vehicles. Research shows that participants do not understand the concept of kilowatt hour as a measure of the use of electrical energy despite the fact that this is the metric used in their monthly electricity bill. Instead, the participants liked a mile per gallon of equivalent gasoline, MPGe, as a metric to compare with the familiar miles per gallon used for gasoline vehicles. The study also concluded that kW-hours per 100 mil metric is more confusing for focus group participants compared to miles per kW-hour. Based on these results, the EPA decided to use the following fuel economy and fuel consumption metrics on redesigned labels: MPG (municipal and highway, and combined); MPGe (city and highway, and combined); Galon per 100 miles; kW-hrs per 100 miles.
The proposed design and final content for the two new sticker label options to be introduced in 2013 model cars and trucks were consulted for 60 days with the public in 2010, and both include miles per gallon equivalent and kW-hours per 100 miles as a material economic metric burn to plug-in cars, but in one MPGe option and the annual power cost is the two most prominent metrics. One design option has a letter rating system from A to D and the ratings will compare the fuel economy of the given vehicle and air pollution with the entire fleet of new cars. Classroom systems are opposed by automakers and rejected after public consultation. In November 2010, the EPA introduced MPGe as a comparison metric on the new stickers for fuel economy for Nissan Leaf and Chevrolet Volt.
2013 fuel economy and environmental label
In May 2011, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the EPA issued a joint end rule that sets new requirements for fuel economy and environmental labels that would be mandatory for all new passenger and truck cars starting with the 2013 model year, although automakers can adopt voluntarily for the 2012 model year. The decisions include new labels for alternative fuels and alternative propulsion vehicles available in the US market, such as plug-in hybrids, electric vehicles, flexible fuel vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles , and natural gas vehicles. Common fuel economy metrics adopted to allow comparison of alternative fuels and advanced technology vehicles with conventional internal combustion engine vehicles are miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent (MPGe). A gallon of equivalent gasoline means the number of kilowatt-hours of electricity, cubic feet of uncompressed natural gas (CNG), or kilograms of hydrogen equal to the energy in a gallon of gasoline.
The new label covers for the first time an estimate of how much fuel or electricity it will take to drive 100 miles (160 km), providing US consumers with fuel consumption per distance traveled, efficiency metrics commonly used in many other countries. The EPA's goal is to avoid traditional miles per gallon metric that could potentially mislead when consumers compare fuel economy improvements, and is known as the "MPG illusion."
Other information provided for the first time in a redesigned label includes:
- GHG rating on how the model compares all the others to carbon dioxide exhaust emissions. Footnotes such as notes explain that upstream emissions from power plants are not included.
- The rating of smoke emissions based on air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulates.
- A new way to compare energy use and the cost between new technology cars that use electricity and conventional cars that are gasoline-powered.
- Estimate how many more or fewer consumers will save or spend on fuel over the next five years compared to the average new vehicle.
- Information about the driving range while running in all-electric mode and charging times for plug-in hybrids and electric cars.
- QR codes that smartphones can scan to allow users to access online information about how models compare to fuel economy, petrol and electricity prices where users live, and other environmental and energy factors. This tool will also allow consumers to include information about their regular travel and driving behavior to get a more accurate estimate of fuel costs and savings.
- Common labels for any fuel or advanced technology
See also
- Car fuel economy
- Miles per gallon equivalent
References
External links
- Information Information for Car Information Disclosure at US Department of Justice
- Fact Sheet: New Label Economy and Environment Labels for New Generation of Vehicles
- The United States Code is Title 15, Chapter 28, Section 1231-1233 at Cornell
- Senator Behind Window Stickers
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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